🎯 Introduction to Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban Crisis

The acer asus germany sales ban represents one of the most significant patent disputes in recent tech industry history. दो globally recognized PC manufacturers, Acer और Asus, को Germany में अपने laptops और desktop computers बेचने से completely banned कर दिया गया है। This unprecedented move follows a Munich court ruling favoring Nokia in a complex patent infringement case related to video codec technology.

यह acer asus germany sales ban January 22, 2026 को implement हुआ, जब Munich I Regional Court ने दोनों companies को “unwilling licensees” declare किया। The implications extend far beyond just two companies – यह entire European tech market के लिए एक watershed moment है। German consumers, retailers, और competitors सभी इस decision के far-reaching consequences का सामना कर रहे हैं।

Understanding the acer asus germany sales ban requires examining multiple facets: patent law intricacies, video codec technology, FRAND licensing frameworks, और commercial implications। Let’s dive deep into every aspect of this groundbreaking case.

⚡ What Exactly Happened? Breaking Down the Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban

Timeline of the Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban

The acer asus germany sales ban didn’t happen overnight। Years of negotiations preceded this dramatic court intervention। Nokia initially approached Acer और Asus several years ago regarding licensing their Standard Essential Patents (SEPs) for video coding technology, particularly HEVC/H.265 codec।

The Patent at the Center of Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban

European Patent EP2375749 है वह technical innovation जो इस entire acer asus germany sales ban की root cause है। यह patent describes a method for efficiently adjusting frame rates based on reference images in video streaming और processing। Since modern processors और graphics cards constantly process video streams, PC manufacturers must license relevant patents legally।

Nokia owns multiple patents essential to the H.265/HEVC video standard, जो International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T) द्वारा administered है। These Standard Essential Patents (SEPs) are critical क्योंकि virtually every modern computer, smartphone, और streaming device uses HEVC technology for efficient video compression और playback।

🔬 Nokia’s HEVC Patent Portfolio: Why the Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban Matters

Nokia’s Transformation from Hardware to Patents

Many people remember Nokia as a mobile phone manufacturer। However, after selling its mobile division to Microsoft in 2014, Nokia strategically pivoted to monetizing its extensive patent portfolio। The company invested over €150 billion in research and development since 2000, creating approximately 26,000 patent families।

आज Nokia holds significant Standard Essential Patents covering:

• Video Codecs: H.264/AVC, H.265/HEVC, H.266/VVC
• Cellular Standards: 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G technology patents
• Wireless Technologies: Wi-Fi/WLAN patents
• Streaming Technologies: Content delivery, adaptive bitrate patents

HEVC/H.265 Technology और Its Importance

High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), also known as H.265, revolutionized video compression। यह technology enables:

Without HEVC licensing, modern PCs would struggle with efficient video playback, content creation, और streaming। यही कारण है कि acer asus germany sales ban इतना impactful है – it affects core functionality that consumers expect from contemporary computers।

Nokia’s Licensing Business Model

Nokia currently licenses its patent portfolio to over 250 companies worldwide। The company generates substantial revenue through patent licensing, reinvesting these funds into developing next-generation technologies like 6G और advanced video codecs।

According to Nokia’s official licensing page, they follow Fair, Reasonable, and Non-Discriminatory (FRAND) terms for Standard Essential Patents। However, जैसा कि acer asus germany sales ban demonstrates, enforcement becomes necessary when companies refuse to accept offered licensing terms।

⚖️ Munich Court Ruling on Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban Explained

Legal Basis of Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban

Munich I Regional Court की ruling specifically targeted cases 7 O 4100/25 (Acer) और 7 O 4102/25 (Asus)। Court ने conclude किया कि दोनों manufacturers were not acting as “willing licensees” under applicable FRAND framework guidelines।

Why the Court Sided with Nokia

Munich court’s decision favoring Nokia in the acer asus germany sales ban case रested on several key findings:

1. Patent Validity: Court confirmed that EP2375749 और related patents are valid, enforceable, और essential to HEVC standard implementation।

2. Infringement Evidence: Technical analysis demonstrated that Acer और Asus PCs utilize HEVC decoding methods covered by Nokia’s patents without proper licensing।

3. FRAND Compliance by Nokia: Court determined Nokia offered licensing terms on Fair, Reasonable, और Non-Discriminatory basis, meeting its obligations as SEP holder।

4. Unwilling Licensees: Most critically, court found Acer और Asus were “unwilling licensees” – यानी they failed to demonstrate good faith efforts to reach licensing agreements on fair terms।

Provisional Enforcement of Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban

Nokia successfully obtained provisional enforcement of the injunction, meaning the acer asus germany sales ban took effect immediately without waiting for appeals। यह aggressive legal strategy forced immediate compliance, shutting down both companies’ German operations overnight।

Acer’s entire German website went offline with an apologetic “Please excuse the inconvenience” message। Asus set all desktop PCs और notebooks to “out of stock” status, और even access to support pages like BIOS updates requires VPN connections from outside Germany।

📜 FRAND Framework और the Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban Dispute

Understanding FRAND Licensing

Fair, Reasonable, and Non-Discriminatory (FRAND) licensing forms the foundation of Standard Essential Patent disputes, including the acer asus germany sales ban case। यह framework ensures technology standards remain accessible while compensating innovators fairly।

When companies contribute patents to industry standards like HEVC/H.265, they commit to licensing these patents under FRAND terms। यह commitment creates a delicate balance:

Why Germany’s FRAND Interpretation Led to Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban

Germany has stricter FRAND interpretation compared to other jurisdictions, जो directly contributed to the acer asus germany sales ban। German courts typically:

• Require implementers to demonstrate “willing licensee” behavior explicitly
• Grant injunctions more readily when good-faith negotiations fail
• Expect concrete licensing proposals from implementers, not just verbal willingness
• Prioritize patent holder rights when FRAND obligations are met

The “Unwilling Licensee” Determination

Central to the acer asus germany sales ban was the court’s “unwilling licensee” finding। यह determination typically occurs when:

Nokia’s Perspective (Patent Holder): Nokia submitted FRAND-compliant offers multiple times। According to Nokia’s statements, they prefer amicable agreements – evidenced by over 250 existing licensing agreements concluded peacefully। Nokia claims Acer और Asus refused reasonable offers, forcing litigation as last resort।

Acer और Asus Position (Implementers): Both companies maintain they respect intellectual property और are examining legal options। They suggest Nokia’s terms may not truly be “reasonable” despite FRAND framework, जो led to prolonged negotiations।

The court ultimately concluded Acer और Asus failed to show sufficient good-faith negotiation efforts, triggering the acer asus germany sales ban injunction।

Comparison: Hisense’s Different Approach

Interestingly, Hisense faced identical Nokia patent claims but avoided the sales ban। In January 2026, Hisense settled और accepted Nokia’s licensing terms। यह decision prevented Hisense from facing the same fate as the acer asus germany sales ban victims।

Hisense’s settlement demonstrates that Nokia’s terms were acceptable to at least one major manufacturer, strengthening Nokia’s argument that their FRAND offer was indeed reasonable। According to Tom’s Hardware analysis, this precedent significantly weakened Acer और Asus’s position during Munich court proceedings।

👥 Consumer Impact: How Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban Affects You

Immediate Effects of Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban on Consumers

German consumers face several immediate challenges due to the acer asus germany sales ban:

Are Existing Acer और Asus Owners Affected?

Good news for current owners: The acer asus germany sales ban does NOT affect existing device usage। यह purely a sales और distribution injunction, not a recall। Current Acer और Asus PC owners can:

• Continue using their devices normally without legal concerns
• Expect warranty support to continue (companies must honor existing warranties)
• Access software updates और security patches
• Resell their devices in secondary market legally

However, accessing certain manufacturer resources like BIOS updates requires workarounds। Since Asus blocked German access to support pages, users need VPN connections to download firmware updates – an inconvenient situation resulting from the acer asus germany sales ban।

Alternative Options for German Consumers

While the acer asus germany sales ban restricts direct sales, consumers have alternatives:

1. Existing Retail Inventory: Major retailers like Amazon.de, MediaMarkt, Saturn can sell remaining stock। The ban targets manufacturers, not retailers।

2. Cross-Border Purchases: German consumers can theoretically purchase from neighboring European countries, though warranty complications may arise।

3. Competitor Brands: Dell, HP, Lenovo, MSI, और other manufacturers remain unaffected by acer asus germany sales ban, offering full product ranges।

4. Used/Refurbished Market: Secondary market purchases remain legal और may see increased demand।

Business और Enterprise Impact

The acer asus germany sales ban particularly affects German businesses और IT procurement departments:

• Fleet Standardization Issues: Companies using standardized Acer या Asus hardware face replacement challenges
• Budget Disruptions: Forced to consider potentially more expensive alternatives
• Procurement Delays: Need time to evaluate और certify new vendor products
• Employee Preference: Some workers specifically prefer ASUS ROG या Acer products for certain tasks

According to industry analysts at Gartner, enterprise IT departments should diversify supplier relationships to avoid similar supply disruptions, making the acer asus germany sales ban a cautionary tale for procurement strategies।

🏪 How Retailers Navigate the Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban

Retailer Rights Under Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban

One crucial aspect of the acer asus germany sales ban is that retailers aren’t directly targeted। The Munich court injunction specifically applies to Acer और Asus as manufacturers, creating a unique situation:

Retail Strategy During Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban

German retailers are employing various strategies to manage the acer asus germany sales ban situation:

MediaMarkt और Saturn: These major electronics retailers continue offering remaining Acer और Asus stock। Sources suggest they’re monitoring situation closely और may adjust pricing based on scarcity।

Amazon.de: Third-party sellers still list Acer और Asus products। However, direct Amazon inventory will eventually deplete without manufacturer replenishment।

Specialized Gaming Retailers: ASUS ROG gaming laptops are particularly popular in Germany। Gaming-focused retailers face significant challenges as the acer asus germany sales ban cuts off supply of these high-demand products।

Economic Impact on German Tech Retail

The acer asus germany sales ban creates economic ripples throughout Germany’s technology retail sector। Acer और Asus collectively hold significant market share in German PC sales। Their absence forces consumers toward competitors, potentially reshaping market dynamics:

• Market Share Shifts: Dell, HP, Lenovo likely to gain customers during ban period
• Pricing Pressure: Competitors may raise prices due to reduced competition
• Retailer Relationships: Long-term uncertainty may push retailers to deprioritize both brands
• Consumer Trust: Brand perception damage from acer asus germany sales ban may persist even after resolution

Industry experts at IDC Research estimate the prolonged acer asus germany sales ban could cost both companies millions in lost German revenue monthly, with potential permanent market share loss।

⚙️ Technical Deep Dive: HEVC/H.265 Codec और Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban

Why Video Codecs Matter for PCs

To truly understand the acer asus germany sales ban, we must comprehend HEVC/H.265 technology’s role in modern computing। Video codecs are fundamental to contemporary PC functionality:

Core HEVC Applications Affecting Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban:

• Video Streaming: Netflix, Amazon Prime, YouTube, और Disney+ extensively use H.265 for 4K content delivery
• Video Conferencing: Zoom, Microsoft Teams, Google Meet rely on efficient video encoding
• Content Creation: Video editing software (Adobe Premiere, DaVinci Resolve) requires HEVC support
• Gaming: Game capture, streaming (OBS, Twitch), और replay features utilize H.265
• Operating Systems: Windows 11, macOS integrate HEVC decoding natively
• Mobile Connectivity: Smartphone video recording sync और playback on PCs

Hardware Implementation of HEVC

Modern PCs implement HEVC decoding through hardware acceleration in:

Integrated GPUs: Intel Iris Xe, AMD Radeon Graphics, ARM Mali GPUs all include dedicated HEVC decode/encode blocks।

Discrete Graphics Cards: NVIDIA GeForce, AMD Radeon dedicated GPUs feature specialized HEVC engines for efficient processing।

CPU Extensions: Modern processors include instruction sets optimized for video codec operations।

यह widespread hardware integration means virtually every PC sold globally implements HEVC functionality – जो explains why the acer asus germany sales ban affects entire product lines। There’s no simple way to “remove” HEVC support without fundamentally crippling modern computing experiences।

Patent Landscape: Why HEVC Licensing Is Complex

The HEVC/H.265 patent situation is notoriously complicated, contributing to disputes like the acer asus germany sales ban। Unlike simpler patents, HEVC involves:

• Multiple Patent Pools: MPEG LA, HEVC Advance, Velos Media – different organizations licensing different HEVC patent portfolios
• Individual Patent Holders: Companies like Nokia license patents independently outside pools
• Overlapping Claims: Multiple parties may hold patents covering similar HEVC implementations
• Geographic Variations: Patent enforceability और licensing requirements vary by country

This complexity explains why companies sometimes face lawsuits like the acer asus germany sales ban even when they thought licensing was handled। Acer और Asus likely assumed their component suppliers (Intel, AMD, NVIDIA) covered HEVC licensing। However, Nokia argues device manufacturers bear independent licensing obligations।

Alternative Codecs और Future Direction

Some industry observers suggest the acer asus germany sales ban highlights need for royalty-free codec alternatives:

However, transitioning away from HEVC presents challenges। According to technical experts at TechSpot, HEVC remains essential for 4K Blu-ray playback, professional video workflows, और billions of existing devices। The acer asus germany sales ban won’t trigger immediate industry shift away from HEVC, but may accelerate long-term alternatives exploration।

📊 Market Implications: Beyond the Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban

Competitive Landscape Shift

The acer asus germany sales ban fundamentally alters competitive dynamics in Germany’s PC market। With two major players suddenly absent, competitors gain unexpected opportunities:

Immediate Winners from Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban:

• Dell Technologies: Already strong in Germany, positioned to capture enterprise customers
• HP Inc: Broad product portfolio targets both consumer और business segments
• Lenovo: Global market leader can aggressively pursue German market share
• MSI: Gaming laptop specialist benefits from ASUS ROG absence
• Razer: Premium gaming brand gains opportunity with competitive gaming laptops

Germany represents one of Europe’s largest PC markets। The prolonged acer asus germany sales ban could permanently shift customer loyalties, especially in enterprise segments where vendor relationships are sticky।

Global Patent Strategy Implications

The acer asus germany sales ban sends clear signals to entire technology industry:

1. Patent Portfolio Monetization Works: Nokia’s success demonstrates that aggressive patent enforcement generates licensing revenue। Expect other patent holders to follow similar strategies।

2. Manufacturing Risk Assessment: PC manufacturers worldwide must audit their patent licensing comprehensively। The acer asus germany sales ban proves that assuming suppliers handle licensing can be dangerous।

3. Geographic Patent Enforcement: Germany’s strict IP enforcement makes it attractive venue for patent holders। More companies may file German lawsuits for leverage।

4. Standard Essential Patent Power: The case reinforces SEP holders’ ability to obtain injunctions when FRAND obligations are met, despite theoretical concerns about patent holdup।

Financial Impact on Acer और Asus

The acer asus germany sales ban creates significant financial pressure:

Industry analysts suggest prolonged acer asus germany sales ban makes settlement increasingly attractive। Each month without German market access costs both companies significantly in lost revenue और market position।

European Tech Policy Questions

The acer asus germany sales ban raises broader policy questions about European technology regulation:

• Should Standard Essential Patent enforcement be harmonized across EU countries?
• Do current FRAND frameworks adequately balance patent holder और implementer rights?
• Should EU encourage royalty-free codec alternatives to reduce patent disputes?
• How can consumer interests be protected during extended patent litigation?

European Commission और national regulators are likely monitoring the acer asus germany sales ban situation। Prolonged consumer disruption could trigger policy reviews of SEP licensing frameworks।

📚 Previous Nokia Patent Cases: Learning from History

Amazon Fire TV Stick Case

The acer asus germany sales ban isn’t Nokia’s first successful German patent enforcement। In 2024, Nokia obtained similar injunction against Amazon’s Fire TV Sticks over the same HEVC patent EP2375749।

Amazon initially faced German sales ban but reached settlement with Nokia in March 2025। The resolution involved Amazon taking license for Nokia’s video patent portfolio। यह precedent demonstrates:

• Nokia’s willingness to pursue litigation to conclusion
• German courts’ readiness to grant injunctions for valid patent claims
• Settlements are typically achieved eventually, even after enforcement begins

The Amazon case provides roadmap for potential acer asus germany sales ban resolution। Both Acer और Asus may ultimately settle similarly, licensing Nokia’s patents to restore German market access।

OnePlus Germany Ban (2023)

Before the current acer asus germany sales ban, OnePlus faced similar situation in 2023 after losing Nokia patent dispute। OnePlus eventually reached licensing agreement, allowing sales resumption।

The OnePlus case established patterns that we’re seeing repeated with the acer asus germany sales ban:

• Initial resistance to Nokia licensing terms
• German court siding with Nokia on FRAND compliance
• Injunction enforcement forcing immediate sales halt
• Settlement negotiations leading to eventual licensing agreement

Broader Nokia Patent Enforcement Campaign

The acer asus germany sales ban represents one battle in Nokia’s broader patent monetization strategy। According to IP Fray analysis, Nokia has actively pursued licensing across multiple industries:

Automotive Sector: Nokia filed lawsuits against Chinese automaker Geely over cellular SEPs, seeking royalties for connected vehicle technologies।

Streaming Services: In 2026, Nokia sued Paramount over video streaming patents in U.S. and Brazil, targeting encoding और decoding implementations।

Television Manufacturers: Samsung reached licensing agreement covering Nokia video technologies in Samsung TVs (January 2026)।

Smartphone Industry: Nokia maintains licensing agreements with virtually all major smartphone manufacturers for cellular और video patents।

यह aggressive enforcement strategy makes Nokia billions in annual licensing revenue। The acer asus germany sales ban fits into this larger pattern of monetizing one of world’s most valuable patent portfolios।

⚖️ Acer और Asus के Legal Options और Path Forward

Appeal Process for Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban

Both companies indicated they’re examining legal options to challenge the acer asus germany sales ban। Possible appeal strategies include:

However, appeals take time – often months या years। Meanwhile, the acer asus germany sales ban remains in effect, continuing to damage both companies’ German market positions।

Settlement Negotiations: Most Likely Path

Industry experts overwhelmingly predict settlement will ultimately resolve the acer asus germany sales ban। Several factors drive this prediction:

Financial Pressure: Extended sales ban costs millions monthly। Licensing fees, even substantial ones, likely cost less than prolonged market exclusion।

Precedent Patterns: Amazon, OnePlus, Samsung, Hisense all eventually settled similar Nokia disputes। Litigation rarely benefits implementers in SEP cases when FRAND compliance is established।

Nokia’s Stated Position: Nokia publicly states their “door is always open for good-faith negotiations,” suggesting willingness to settle on reasonable terms।

According to statements from Acer: “We are examining the possibility of pursuing further legal action to reach a fair solution as quickly as possible.” यह language suggests settlement exploration alongside appeals।

Potential Settlement Terms

While specific licensing terms are confidential, typical SEP settlements in contexts similar to acer asus germany sales ban might include:

• Per-Unit Royalties: Payment for each device sold containing HEVC technology
• Portfolio License: Coverage for Nokia’s broader video patent portfolio, not just disputed patents
• Geographic Scope: Likely worldwide license, not limited to Germany
• Retroactive Payments: Compensation for past unlicensed device sales
• Forward-Looking Terms: Ongoing royalty structure for future products

Settlements typically remain confidential, so exact terms of any eventual acer asus germany sales ban resolution may never be publicly disclosed।

Alternative: Removing HEVC Support?

Could Acer और Asus simply remove HEVC support to circumvent the acer asus germany sales ban? Technically possible but practically infeasible:

Therefore, licensing settlement remains the only realistic path forward for ending the acer asus germany sales ban।

🔮 Future Outlook: When Will Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban End?

Timeline Predictions for Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban Resolution

Industry observers offer varying predictions for how long the acer asus germany sales ban will persist:

Optimistic Scenario (2-3 months): Both companies quickly negotiate settlements with Nokia। German sales resume within quarter। यह outcome matches Amazon Fire TV resolution timeline।

Moderate Scenario (6-12 months): Extended negotiations और possible appeal attempts delay resolution। Companies eventually settle after realizing legal challenges won’t succeed quickly enough to prevent major market share loss।

Pessimistic Scenario (12+ months): Companies pursue aggressive appeals, litigation drags on। The acer asus germany sales ban persists through multiple quarters, causing permanent German market position damage।

Most analysts lean toward moderate scenario। Financial pressure from the acer asus germany sales ban will likely push settlements within 6-9 months, similar to historical patterns in comparable cases।

Long-Term Industry Impact

Even after the acer asus germany sales ban ends, lasting effects will ripple through technology industry:

1. Enhanced Patent Due Diligence: PC manufacturers worldwide will audit licensing more comprehensively। No one wants their own version of acer asus germany sales ban।

2. Supply Chain Licensing Clarification: Component suppliers (Intel, AMD, NVIDIA) may adjust licensing agreements to clearly cover downstream product integration।

3. Open Codec Advocacy: Industry groups may push harder for royalty-free alternatives like AV1 to avoid future patent disputes similar to acer asus germany sales ban।

4. Geographic Risk Management: Companies may diversify manufacturing और distribution to reduce vulnerability to country-specific injunctions।

5. Patent Reform Discussions: High-profile cases like the acer asus germany sales ban fuel debates about SEP licensing reform और FRAND framework improvements।

Nokia’s Continued Patent Strategy

The successful acer asus germany sales ban enforcement validates Nokia’s patent monetization approach। Expect Nokia to:

• Pursue additional licensees aggressively across consumer electronics
• Target emerging technology sectors (IoT, automotive, smart devices)
• Continue leveraging German courts for patent enforcement
• Expand licensing programs as 6G और H.266/VVC standards mature

Nokia’s patent licensing division generates billions in annual revenue, और cases like the acer asus germany sales ban demonstrate their enforcement capabilities।

Advice for Consumers During Uncertainty

German consumers facing prolonged acer asus germany sales ban should consider:

• If You Need PC Now: Consider alternatives (Dell, HP, Lenovo, MSI) rather than waiting for ban resolution
• If You Prefer Acer/Asus: Buy remaining retail stock soon, before inventory depletes completely
• Existing Owners: Continue normal usage, warranty support should continue, seek firmware updates through VPN if necessary
• Gaming Enthusiasts: MSI, Razer, Alienware offer comparable gaming laptop alternatives to ASUS ROG during ban
• Business Buyers: Diversify approved vendor lists to avoid supply chain vulnerability

❓ Frequently Asked Questions About Acer Asus Germany Sales Ban

Can I still buy Acer या Asus laptops in Germany?

Retailers can sell existing inventory during the acer asus germany sales ban, but manufacturers cannot ship new units। Check major retailers like Amazon.de, MediaMarkt, Saturn for remaining stock। However, inventory will eventually deplete without replenishment।

Does acer asus germany sales ban affect my existing laptop?

No! The ban only prevents new sales। You can continue using your current Acer या Asus device normally। Warranty support should continue, और the device remains perfectly legal to own और use।

Why did Germany ban Acer और Asus specifically?

Germany didn’t ban them – a Munich court granted Nokia an injunction preventing sales due to patent infringement। The court found both companies were “unwilling licensees” of Nokia’s HEVC video patents, violating FRAND licensing framework।

How long will the acer asus germany sales ban last?

Unknown definitively। Settlement could occur within 2-3 months (optimistic) या litigation could extend 12+ months (pessimistic)। Most analysts predict 6-9 month resolution timeframe based on similar historical cases।

Are Acer और Asus banned in other countries too?

Currently, the acer asus germany sales ban applies only to Germany। However, Nokia has pursued patent claims in multiple jurisdictions। Other countries could see similar actions if licensing negotiations fail।

Should I buy remaining Acer/Asus inventory now?

If you specifically want Acer या Asus products, buying remaining retail stock soon is advisable। Once inventory depletes, you won’t have access to new units until the acer asus germany sales ban resolves। However, ensure return policies allow returns in case of issues, given uncertain long-term support status।

📖 Related Reading और External Resources

For deeper understanding of topics related to the acer asus germany sales ban, explore these authoritative resources:

• Tom’s Hardware – Latest PC Industry News
• Nokia Patent Licensing Programs
• International Telecommunication Union – Video Standards
• Heise Online – German Tech Coverage
• IP Fray – Patent Litigation Analysis